We very much appreciate your thoughtful question and your proactive interest in avoiding creation of "conflict bears." Although putting the coffee grounds out "raw" as compost isn't guaranteed to attract interest from bears - or other wildlife, on an occasional/one-off basis, it is a very good idea to assume that any novel, human-food-scented objects might accumulate and create that type of curious investigation. 

If you can commit to running a "hot" (i.e., fast breakdown and therefore also heat-generating) compost that takes advantage of those grounds, I think you could achieve both goals. 

Having the food/attracting smells hyper-localized, minimizing the time that "raw materials" smells would be available via a hot cycle, keeping a sharp eye (recommend a game camera) for ANY first signs of interest by bears, and then committing to acting quickly if defense or cessation is needed would be a good plan. 

People use electric fences to protect point-source conflicts such as beehives. BUT that also assumes that they're able to safely tolerate bear travel in whatever space there is between the electrically-protected resource and their home. In a residential/suburban setting however, any bear interest would really mean removing the composter, because you wouldn't want the curious, persistent bear to keep visiting your yard - even if it couldn't actually access the contents of a composter.