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apple pests #864668

Asked April 15, 2024, 7:33 PM EDT

Hi folks, My beloved apple tree has been invaded by some sort of bug or worm that bores into the center of the apples and leaves a black mess. Most of the apple is not damaged, but it's still a big gross hassle that I'd love to not have to worry about once and for all. Is there some sort of pesticide, or soap or something (the less toxic the better, obviously) that i should try? My tree is in full bloom right now. It's a graft of several different varieites -- Gravenstein, Jonagold, Gold Deiicious and another that I have forg0tten. I don't have an image of it.

Washington County Oregon

Expert Response

Hi Jeff- Thanks for your question about the worms in your apples. It sounds much like codling moth. Here's what the best management practices are according to the PNW Handbook:
Management-cultural control

"Thinning fruit clusters to reduce the number of contact points between fruits may help reduce larval success rates for
penetrating fruits. In small orchards, sanitation by removing and
disposing of young, damaged fruit can be helpful in reducing codling moth. Check regularly throughout the season for fruit with frass-filled holes. Removing and destroying infected fruit prior to larvae emergence preceding pupation can help reduce overall populations. Picking up dropped fruit from the ground likewise can be an effective sanitation measure. Homeowners can bag individual fruit (clusters thinned to one fruit) in paper or mesh bags approximately six weeks after bloom, however this can be labor-intensive and more challenging for cultivars with short stems. Fruit will mature completely within bags, however
color development on red varieties may be affected. Homeowners can also place corrugated bands of cardboard around the lower trunk to attract larvae looking for a place to pupate. Place bands in May and remove before the adults begin to emerge in mid-June. The same technique can be used for the subsequent generation(s) later in summer."

With one tree, a very effective method is to put the small bags or nylons around the fruit once you have thinned them to one fruit per cluster. The "bags" can be purchased at a garden store or online and are reusable. We also coat ours with kaolin clay to help control other pests.

We have never tried the corrugated cardboard around the trunk but now would be the time to try it. Just don't forget to remove them in mid-June.

If you want to spray, there are several alternatives in the following article (skip down to "Management-chemical control: HOME USE"). We use spinosad and are very careful not to use it until all the petals are gone so it doesn't affect bees or other insects that may be hanging around. The recommendation is 10 days after full petal fall (all petals are off) or 17 to 21 days after full bloom.

https://pnwhandbooks.org/insect/tree-fruit/apple/apple-codling-moth

There are some great classes on apple tree maintenance at the Home Orchard Education Center if you want to learn about pruning, spraying and all the other things apple trees need lately.
https://www.homeorchardeducationcenter.org/

Hope this helps you have a better apple experience!
Rhonda Frick-Wright Replied April 18, 2024, 12:31 PM EDT

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