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Those darn jumping worms #862079

Asked March 20, 2024, 2:25 PM EDT

My entire yard - ,6 acres was severely infested last year with jumping worms. We killed hundreds and despaired over the loss of some plants and crops and the transformation of our soil into weird granular dirt. Now it's weeks away from planting early crops and I need advice. I don't want to invest time and money, when all those eggs left behind from last year will probably hatch, the winter having been too warm to kill them. BTW, we have 1 medium-sized raised bed with no bottom that is full of the "worm" soil. I do know that much of Mplr.is in the same boat as we are. Container gardens and maybe native shrubs and trees come to mind, but any advice is welcome. Thanks!

Washington County Vermont

Expert Response

Hello Robert. Thank you for submitting your question to the UVM Master Gardener Helpline, and I am sorry you are dealing with this problem.

The Master Gardeners are getting an update on jumping worm control this afternoon by Dr. Josef Gorres, a researcher who specializes in this. I am hoping for some new suggestions, apart from solarization of soil and tilling in spring. I will describe control methods used so far, and update my answer this afternoon with any new information.
Tilling the top 2-3 inches of soil in spring disrupts the jumping worm cocoons so that fewer adult worms hatch. The adult worms do die in our VT winters, but the cocoons overwinter. It sounds like you are very familiar with handpicking the adults (drop in soapy water).
If you have room to make a new raised bed in a previously unaffected area, this could be best. Your container garden idea would work as well. Any organic materials should be solarized prior to being introduced into the garden. To do this, make a pile 6-8 inches high of organic material on a clear plastic sheet, allowing plenty of uncovered plastic on the outer edges. Cover with another piece of plastic, pulling up the edges from the bottom and tucking the upper piece below the bottom to prevent worms from escaping. Leave the enclosed pile in the sun for 2-3 days. The internal temperature needs to exceed 105 degrees Fahrenheit to kill the jumping worms and their cocoons. Materials purchased in plastic bags can be solarized right in the bags. Rinse the soil off of any plants you buy before planting
Clean your garden tools and the bottoms of shoes used in your previous season so that you are not tracking cocoons into your new area. The references below have helpful information and links to other references.

I will send more information after hearing the lecture this afternoon. 

https://www.uvm.edu/news/extension/invasion-jumping-worms

https://ask2.extension.org/kb/faq.php?id=847382

Hi Robert,

There are new therapies underway for control and eradication of jumping worms but they are not available yet. At this point, my advice remains the same. The following resource is updated periodically and if there is new information on jumping worms, it will likely be posted here. https://www.uvm.edu/extension/mastergardener/gardening-resources

You will find three good references on this site currently for jumping worm control under the pull-down menu for invasives.

Good luck and thank you for your patience in waiting for my answer to this question.

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