Knowledgebase
What's wrong with my airplant #856988
Asked January 04, 2024, 2:05 PM EST
Last when when I routinely soaked my airplant, I noticed that many of the leaves were dark and soggy. After I removed my plant from the water and let it dry for a day, i clipped the dead ends off in hopes it would help resolve the problem. Today I misted the same plant again for the same amount of time, and the leaves are still dark when wet, and a cloudy grey when dry. What should I do?
Erie County New York
Expert Response
I'm so sorry to see that, AnneMarie. It looks as though your air plant may have started to rot. That usually occurs when it has stayed wet for too long but can also result from exposure to a drop of temperature, often in a draft or by a cold window, but also possible from watering with very cold water. But air plants may also discolor slightly in winter. Check your plant's base to test for softness, sliminess, leaves that tug loose, or a smell. If the plant is rotting at the base it is very unlikely to recover. If you do not detect any of those indicators, reduce the water you are giving the plant during the winter and follow the care routine described below. Make sure that your plant is in an appropriate, airy spot when it dries and keep it away from chilly window micro-climates or drafts. It is happiest in temperatures that range between 65 to 90ºF during the day and 50 to 65ºF at night.
Air plants (Tillandsia) sold as houseplants come from varied habitats and require different care depending upon their origin. Plants that are native to desert regions will require substantial amounts of sunlight and less water. Plants from the floor of a rain forest will need some protection from strong sunlight and generous humidity.
Most air plants have very limited root systems and absorb water through their leaves. Water them once or twice per week (depending upon the type and time of year) by immersion in tepid water. If you have an air plant from a dry region (often with silver, fuzzy leaves when dry), you can dunk the plant rather than soaking it as it needs less water. Greener plants from tropical habitats will need to soak for ten to twenty minutes. There are also air plants that fall in between, with light green, slightly fuzzy leaves or characteristics from both ends of the spectrum, so ask about care when you purchase your plant. Adjust watering to reflect the heat and light conditions of the season and your home. Most plants will need less water in the fall and winter because the hours of daylight are fewer and temperatures lower so they are less actively growing. At this time even once a week may be more than your plant needs. All Tillandsia will rot if over-watered.
Your air plant will survive most successfully if you are also careful about the type of water you use. Distilled water is preferable as tap water will gradually overwhelm your plant with mineral salts. Distilled water will, however, slowly leach nutrients from the plant as it soaks so adding a little fertilizer to the water helps. A bromeliad fertilizer, or an acidic, general, fertilizer at quarter strength, twice a month and applied with a sprayer, is generally advised. Or add in a lower concentration when you water the plant. Avoid fertilizers with boron, copper or zinc which can be damaging to your plant.
Do not allow the plant to remain soggy or sit in a puddle of water after watering. You should let the plant air dry after watering in a spot with good air circulation where it will dry out within four hours. Do not grow air plants on any surface that holds moisture, which can lead to rot. Mist the plant to boost humidity occasionally, but as a supplement not a replacement for watering. A tropical air plant will benefit from the added humidity.