Hello Ganesh,

Identifying lawn problems from photos alone can be very difficult.

You say this pattern is starting near the wetland and spreading into the lawn. Is it happening now, or did it happen during the summer or fall? If this damage is continuing to spread at this time, I would expect that wildlife is digging for food. The conditions right now are not conducive to diseases such as molds. It is possible that you have some grubs or other lawn insects in the soil and wildlife that hides in or near the wetlands is feeding on those insects. It looks similar to how skunks forage for food in soil.

Here is an article with photos of skunk damage:

https://marylandgrows.umd.edu/2022/10/26/whats-digging-holes-in-the-lawn/

The damage could also be from moles or voles (mice). Some of the photos you attached look like there could be trails or tunnels between the bare soil – the exit/entrance points. See the possible trail drawn on one of your photos. The following article talks about identifying skunk and vole digging.

https://ask2.extension.org/scp/tickets.php?id=856129

Here is a previous question and response that includes reference articles to animals that dig in the yard.

https://ask2.extension.org/kb/faq.php?id=553787

If the damage was happening during the summer/fall and has since ended, then I would think of something more like a disease.

If it is wildlife damage, you may want to check for grub concentrations next spring and apply an appropriate grub control. Here is a good article on grubs, how and when to determine if you have grubs, and what pesticides to apply and when.

https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/how_to_choose_and_when_to_apply_grub_control_products_for_your_lawn