Knowledgebase
Curious on type of millipede. #846549
Asked August 20, 2023, 8:27 PM EDT
Oscoda County Michigan
Expert Response
Hello Christopher,
Those are American giant millipedes or ironworms, Narceus americanus-annularis species complex
Best regards,
Howard
The following was taken from the Millipedes of Ohio
DESCRIPTION: The American Giant Millipede, or Ironworm,
is Ohio’s largest and most distinctive millipede. It is currently
classified as a species complex, based on morphological and
genetic evidence, a problem for future taxonomists to resolve.
It is found statewide, particularly in forested regions of the
state. It is easily identified by its large size, gray to black rings
with red caudal stripes, and red legs and antennae. It is an
easily-startled gentle giant, and if picked up, curls into a loose
spiral. It may defecate and release its chemical defenses, which
are smelly and harmless, but can stain human skin. Ironworms
are most often found in moist deciduous forests, but can tolerate
a wide range of environments and are sometimes found
in drier areas. They can be found in leaf litter and under rocks,
logs, or loose bark. They often can be found crawling along
the ground or climbing on rock walls and overhangs. At night,
they are known to climb tree trunks. They feed on decaying
leaves and dead wood, and are sometimes found feeding on
mosses or lichens. Females of this species can lay egg batches
numbering from 70-260 eggs. Egg laying may occur in
both late spring and fall, and females deposit eggs singly in
a 3 mm wide ball of compressed mud and feces. These look
similar to their normal feces, but contain a small chamber inside
that holds the egg. This species complex is widespread
in North America, and can be found from Texas to Minnesota
and east to the Atlantic Coast. It can be found in forested areas
throughout Ohio, but is uncommon in the Till Plains and
Lake Plains regions