Unfortunately I am unable to identify your grass from the picture provided.  A close up of an individual plant with any attached growths would be helpful.  There are two major types of lawn grasses that are used in our area: warm season (Bermuda, Zoysia, Centipede - green in summer and go dormant with colder weather) and cool season (Tall/Fine Fescue, Kentucky Bluegrass, or a mix - green all year long).  Maintenance varies depending on the grass type.  I would begin by doing a soil test to determine your current conditions.  NC Dept of Agriculture provides soil testing for free from April 1 to November 30.  You can get information sheets and sample boxes from the Wake County Extension Office (4001-E Carya Dr, Raleigh) or the soil testing lab (4300 Reedy Creek Rd, Raleigh).  Regarding flower beds I would consider using a combination of annuals, perennials and bulbs.  The Plant Tool Box (see below) can provide numerous suggestions.  A trip to the JC Raulston Arboretum on Beryl Rd in Raleigh will also provide inspiration.  The links below will provide additional information as you develop your home landscape.

https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/carolina-lawns

https://durham.ces.ncsu.edu/2020/05/nows-the-perfect-time-to-test-your-soil/

https://gardening.ces.ncsu.edu/gardening-plants/flowers-2/

https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/