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Is this large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus, in 3 life stage? #775278

Asked October 13, 2021, 4:04 PM EDT

My swamp milkweed were visited by many large milkweed bugs over the summer (and very few monarchs!). I still see a few, but yesterday also saw a couple of similarly colored bugs that I thought might be nymphs nearing maturity. Finally, the stems of some Heliopsis helianthoides (oxeye) close by in the same bed are covered in little red nymph-like creatures, 1/8"-2/8" long. Interestingly, I have not seen them on the milkweed. Are they all examples of the same bug in different stages of the life cycle or different species? Either way, should I be concerned about their presence in such large numbers, and should I try to remove them? I am trying to interfere as little as possible, but wondered if their numbers would reduce the value of the plants to Monarchs? I would not want to use chemical pesticides.

Montgomery County Maryland

Expert Response

Yes, these are Large Milkweed Bugs (the adult and large nymph photos), but the others (the smaller red insects on the Heliopsis) are aphids. The milkweed bugs do not cause any serious damage to the milkweed and do not need control. At worst, if populations are heavy or damaging seeds you wish to collect, you can remove them by hand or with targeted treatments of insecticidal soap.

The aphids similarly cause no serious harm to the sunflower and do not need control, especially this late in the growing season. They may belong to the genus Uroleucon, which prefers aster-family plants, but we do not have an exact ID for them as many in this group look alike.

Insects that feed on milkweed aren't known to cause interference for monarchs trying to use them as a food source. They tend to cohabitate just fine and can be left alone. This study is a bit technical, but you may find it interesting; it demonstrates that the location within a planting where milkweeds are placed can influence how readily egg-laying monarchs find/use them: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00474/full

 

Miri

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