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Bartlett Pear with hardened and rotten core #770964

Asked September 06, 2021, 8:03 PM EDT

My Bartlett pear tree growing in Portland Oregon has a good crop almost every year and used to have no problems. But the last 3 or 4 years the pears have had a problem with the core looking black and diseased and hardened, making it difficult to cut through. The outside of the pears do not show any entry point, in fact they mostly look perfect. But the inside core is very hardened and the seed area looks bad. The blossom end of the pear is so hard that even with a large sharp knife it is very difficult to cut through. Also, the non diseased part of the pears taste a bit off, sour or tangy although they are crisp. I picked them when they were still green and on the tree using the stem tilting method to test if they are ready to pick. Then I stored them in my refrigerator for a few days then let them ripen to a yellow color on the counter. I was told by other gardeners that the problem is a coddling moth infestation but all the information I have found about it describes a visible mark or entry point on the side of the pear. On my pears it looks like something had entered at the blossom end of the pear. I have included some photos although I do have more if needed. What I'm hoping to find out is if something is getting into my pears when they are blossoming? Or once the fruit has formed? And is there a way to treat this in a way that doesn't use toxic chemicals? Thank you so much for any suggestions and information. Jeanie Golino

Multnomah County Oregon

Expert Response

Jeanie,

I'm sorry to hear about the problems with your harvested Bartlett pears.

I see evidence of codling moth damage in the first image. (The short dark trail at the blossom end.) But that shouldn't account for the extensive hardening of the flesh.

At this time, I've contacted a colleague who is experienced with pears to ask about the hard flesh. After he responds, we'll discuss potential management.

In the meantime, review the free publication "Codling Moth" - click here. The management section includes several non-chemical strategies, namely these:
- Sanitation (collect and discard heavily infested fruits, or as home gardeners often do, trim out and discard the affected parts);
- Bagging fruits;
- Using pheromone traps;
- Trunk banding.
Jeanie,

I received a response from several colleagues, including tree fruit specialists.

As I mentioned, you do have codling moth damage. The hardened tissue at the blossom end is in response to the damage from the larval (young) codling moths.

Here's how one of the fruit trees specialists explained it:
"Codling moth injury to the calyx [the blossom end] will definitely result in formation of very hardened areas of tissue that are almost impossible to cut through.
Codling moth generally enter pears through the calyx, this is especially true early in the season and with Bartlett pears.
If you compare a Bartlett to an Anjou, you will notice that the Bartlett has a very open calyx which makes it easier for the codling moth larvae to get inside the fruit, while an Anjou has a very closed calyx and for that reason they are rather resistant to codling moth entry at the beginning of the season. Side entries become more common in pears during the 2nd (and 3rd) generation
of codling moth
."

I trust you'll have better quality fruit next year, after you institute the several techniques described in the link I sent previously

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