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tomato leaves: pest, disease, nutrients, too much little water? #758507

Asked June 26, 2021, 11:02 AM EDT

I am uploading images of tomato leaves for starts recently transplanted into soil. They were large in individual quart pots when planted. There was no transplant shock at all - successful as always. I use a moisture meter to decide whether to water. The lower leaves show discoloration and small holes/tears. Is this a pest, a disease, over.under water, or nutrient problem? Thank you

Lamoille County Vermont

Expert Response

Good for you for reaching out here, Ed! 

It can make a world of difference if you catch tomato diseases early.

It sounds like you are experienced in transplanting and determining when to water.  Well done!

This year, we've had some extremely hot & dry spells and THEN strong thunder storms.  So providing even watering and avoiding backsplash on the lower leaves of tomato plants has been challenging for us all.

Because you caught this early:  I can't be sure which fungal disease you are battling here....but this fact sheet from the University of Minnesota's Extension (they have similar climate zones) may help:

https://extension.umn.edu/plant-diseases/tomato-leaf-spot-diseases

The advice stands for all possible fungal diseases:

  • Cut off the infected leaves
  • Do your best to water your tomatoes only at their base (not on any of the leaves)
  • Mulch (as always:  leave a few inches away from the stems)
  • Do your best to provide air circulation for your tomato plants

Finally:  this is often really hard for those of us with home gardens with limited sunny spaces... but if you can find another spot in your gardening kingdom where tomatoes might receive enough sunlight to grow in the future:  DO rotate your "crop" here.  Best to avoid the current location for at least two years since so many of these diseases overwinter.

I hope this helps....and that you are gifted with a hefty tomato crop this year.....and a new space to plant tomatoes next year,


- Robilee Smith 


 

Robilee, UVM Master Gardener Volunteer Replied June 26, 2021, 8:37 PM EDT

Hi again Ed!

I ran your photos by Ann Hazelrigg, the director of our UVM Extension Plant Diagnostic clinic.

The good news is that Ann says you are not battling a fungal disease (my apologies for the misdiagnosis on my part!). 

Ann identified two problems that she sees in your photographs:

1) Flea beetles:  these should slow down now.  Here's a good fact sheet from the University of Minnesota's extension service on flea beetles: https://extension.umn.edu/yard-and-garden-insects/flea-beetles

Note that flea beetles overwinter....so cleaning up debris and, if possible, crop rotation can help. For tomatoes:  planting a bit later than usual can also be a good strategy.

2) Magnesium deficiency (the chlorosis in the leaves is the key clue here).  Ann notes that most commercial growers just prune these off;  but if you see that the chlorosis continues on new leaves: then you can take action by applying a diluted spray of epsom salts.  Here's an excellent article that Ann recommended explaining how to do this:  https://www.growveg.com/guides/fix-yellow-leaves-on-tomato-plants-using-epsom-salts/

Note that you may have sufficient magnesium in your soil;  but if too much high-phosphate fertilizer is applied, plants can't take up the magnesium.  So check your tomato fertilizer -- you may need to lighten up here.

Glad that your tomatoes are facing early blight or another fungal disease.  These two problems are surmountable.  

Hoping you enjoy a good harvest,

- Robilee Smith

Robilee, UVM Master Gardener Volunteer Replied June 28, 2021, 12:26 PM EDT

Ed:  correction of error at the very end of my note:  I'm glad that your tomatoes are NOT facing early blight or another fungal disease!  Flea beetles and magnesium deficiency are much easier to remedy.

Robilee, UVM Master Gardener Volunteer Replied June 28, 2021, 12:29 PM EDT
Hello, Robilee -
 
Thanks, actually the tomatoes are growing well, and the new leaves are OK.
 
I was hoping to get some info on the other question I submitted regarding pole bean leaves:

YOUR QUESTION #0028440:

pole bean leaves: pest, disease, nutrients, too much little water?

I am uploading images of pole bean leaves. I use a moisture meter to decide whether to water. On about 10 of my 40 or so plants, some leaves show loss of green color which leads to drying out and becoming brittle in spots. and small holes/tears. IT LOOKS A BIT LIKE LEAF MINERS. I do have leaf miners on nearby chard and beets, which is a minor problem this year compared to last 3 yrs. I control by removing infected leaves and rubbing off eggs. I HAVE NOT SEEN EGGS ON THE BEAN LEAVES. Is this a pest, a disease, over/under water, or nutrient problem? Thank you.
 
Is there anything on that one?
 
Thanks!
 
Ed Loewenton
 
 
Sent: Monday, June 28, 2021 12:26 PM
Subject: Re: tomato leaves: pest, disease, nutrients, too much little water? (#0028438)
 
The Question Asker Replied June 28, 2021, 4:21 PM EDT
Hi Ed!

I'm so glad to hear that your tomatoes are doing well now!  That fits with Ann Hazelrigg's diagnosis that the flea beetles are ending a life cycle now....and it sounds like the magnesium issue may be resolving itself too. (Be careful not to over-fertilize here.)  I am closing out your query #0028438 for your tomato transplants,  

Another member of our team has been assigned your pole bean query.  I'll defer to her here (since you can tell that vegetables aren't my forte!  Thank goodness we have the UVM Extension professors to back us up where we don't have first-hand experience!)

Our UVM Master Gardener web site asks for 7-14 business days (at this time) for reponses.  

We've had such a wild Spring:  high & humid temperatures where plants really need watering help....and then torrential thunderstorms.  So your pole beans may be doing their best under these difficult conditions -- perhaps that's just sun scorch (my optimism is showing here...).  But l am not doing all the research to try to determine the cause of the lesions on your pole bean plants.  

You submitted your pole bean question two days ago.  So you can expect to hear back within the next two weeks.

I hope your pole beans pull through as your tomatoes have!!!

Wishing you happy and hefty harvests,

- Robilee 

On Mon, Jun 28, 2021 at 4:21 PM Ask Extension <<personal data hidden>> wrote:
Robilee, UVM Master Gardener Volunteer Replied June 28, 2021, 10:28 PM EDT

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