Thank you for the photo. The tiny prick like marks are suggestive of insect damage. April and May is when leaf miners become active. Leaf miner life cycle is 30-40 days. There can be 3-4 generations each year. Early detection is the best defense by scouting for the eggs that are laid on the undersides of the leaves. 

Here is a fact sheet that explains in greater detail : Vegetable: Leafminer, Beet and Spinach | UMass Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment

I hope you find this information helpful. Thank you for using Ask Extension.

Would this type of insect cause damage to: lettuce, broccoli, tulip leaves, and onions as well? 

Would this type of insect cause damage to: lettuce, broccoli, tulip leaves, and onions as well? 

At first I was heading down the path of leaf blight - it just did not seem to fit what you are reporting. Your plants could be in the early stages of developing a disease that will show more recognizable symptoms in a few days or weeks.  For a exact diagnosis you would want to submit a sample to a lab for analysis.

Here is the link to the MSU Plant and Pest Diagnostic Lab. You will find complete instructions and a phone number to call with questions. I understand that the lab is not open to walk ins at this time. There is a charge for the service: Submit Samples - Plant & Pest Diagnostics (msu.edu)

Back to leaf miners..... Leaf miners have been an issue in many plants - most famous in the last few years in Michigan is the Boxwood Leaf Miner. There is a leaf miner for most plants including vegetables. Here is some information on a few:

Serpentine leaf miner attracted to brassicas: Serpentine leaf miner - Wikipedia 

This article form the USDA Agriculture Research talks about a new lettuce resistant to leaf miners:New Green Leaf Lettuce Leaves Leafminers in the Lurch : USDA ARS

In Pennsylvania there is much concern about alluim (onion) leaf miners. There is a quarantine in the Pacific Northwest states. While I did not find anything specific to Michigan there is mention of zone 5-7 (parts of Michigan is in this zone range). Take a look at this bulliten:alert-leaf-miner.pdf (usda.gov)

Hi Jennifer,

I would not have suspected hail damage from the photo you provided. The photo you uploaded looks similar and is suggestive of pest issues I am experiencing in my own garden and have seen in reports from around the state. Glad that the new leaf tissue on your plants is healthy! Thank you for the update! Happy gardening!