Juniper Disease - Ask Extension
I've been losing branches for years. The bark bulges up locally, generally close to the main stem as shown in the uploaded photo. The disease spread...
Knowledgebase
Juniper Disease #601864
Asked October 10, 2019, 1:47 PM EDT
I've been losing branches for years. The bark bulges up locally, generally close to the main stem as shown in the uploaded photo. The disease spreads from branch to branch. I've had some success spraying monthly with the products shown in the second photo (one of which apparently is no longer available). Your help in identifying the disease and suggesting a course of action to solve the problem will be appreciated..
Macomb County Michigan
Expert Response
Before I can provide a response I will need a few questions answered: Is it possible to upload a picture of the whole juniper? I would like to see what the needles look like. How old is the juniper? Do you fertilize the juniper? Do you water the juniper? manually with a hose or do you have an irrigation system? What are the conditions the juniper is planted in? Full sun? type of soil? Any of your other plantings having problems? I look forward to your response.
Thanks!
Thanks!
I'm leaving tomorrow morning on a one-week trip, so cannot provide a photo of the junipers until I return on the 17th. They are very healthy, lots of new growth, except for the branches that are diseased as shown in my photo. They are eleven years old. I fertilize twice yearly with fertilizer stakes for conifers. The irrigation system for the lawn provides some water to the junipers; I do no additional watering. They are planted in clay, although there is some top soil locally around what were root balls when they were planted. They are in the sun from mid-morning through the remainder of the day. It is the abnormal growth on a branch, as depicted in my photo, that kills it.
Thanks for your help..
Thanks for your help..
Being able to see the all parts of the juniper is an important part of the diagnostic process. It maybe you have cultural issues that are stressing the junipers out which make them susceptible to pest and disease issues. Use of chemical insecticides and fertilizers can eliminate one problem and create others. The insecticides kill everything good and bad leaving the plant vulnerable and unprotected by the beneficial insects. Fertilizers promote lots of top growth and not root growth. A soil test will tell you what is present in your soil and what needs to be added. This eliminates the guess work and provides your landscape with just what it needs. You can purchase a soil test kit online. Here is the link: https://homesoiltest.msu.edu/
Overwatering can cause plant decline and death. We have had an abundance of rain this year;combine that with an irrigation system and clay soil (which holds water). As you can see there is no easy answer. More often than not it is a combination of issues that add up over time. I found a couple of websites with descriptions and pictures of the most common juniper issues:
https://www.mortonarb.org/trees-plants/tree-and-plant-advice/help-diseases/juniper-tip-blight
https://hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/2002/5-10-2002/brownjuniper.html
For an accurate diagnosis you can provide a sample of the diseased branch to the MSU Plant and Pest Diagnostic Lab:https://www.canr.msu.edu/pestid/
This webpage has complete instructions and the fee schedule
Another option is to contact an arborist to make an onsite visit. You can find a certified arborist in your area at https://www.treesaregood.org/findanarborist
I hope you find this information helpful.
Overwatering can cause plant decline and death. We have had an abundance of rain this year;combine that with an irrigation system and clay soil (which holds water). As you can see there is no easy answer. More often than not it is a combination of issues that add up over time. I found a couple of websites with descriptions and pictures of the most common juniper issues:
https://www.mortonarb.org/trees-plants/tree-and-plant-advice/help-diseases/juniper-tip-blight
https://hortnews.extension.iastate.edu/2002/5-10-2002/brownjuniper.html
For an accurate diagnosis you can provide a sample of the diseased branch to the MSU Plant and Pest Diagnostic Lab:https://www.canr.msu.edu/pestid/
This webpage has complete instructions and the fee schedule
Another option is to contact an arborist to make an onsite visit. You can find a certified arborist in your area at https://www.treesaregood.org/findanarborist
I hope you find this information helpful.
So, am I correct that you cannot diagnose my problem based on what I have provided so far?
Unfortunately that is correct. When you return from your trip upload photos of the whole tree and the juniper needles. Look at the information I provided and perhaps there will be something in those photos and descriptions that was present on your tree at some time during the year that jogs your memory. One common issue of juniper is if a plant like serviceberry , quince or Hawthorne is planted in close proximity is the juniper can acquire cedar apple rust. There would have been an orange type substance on the branch where the bulges are now. The juniper needles would be a brownish rusty color. Cedar apple rust requires both the juniper and the service berry, quince or Hawthorne to complete its life cycle and is most noticeable in the spring.
Let me know if you remember anything like that and forward the photos if you would like to continue this route.
Let me know if you remember anything like that and forward the photos if you would like to continue this route.
Thank you! Have a good evening!
Thanks, I will send photos. I have had orange rust. The sprays that I have used seems to have eliminated it.
Copper fungicide would be the correct product to use for control. There is not a cure except to remove the other host such as service berry, quince or Hawthorne or Crabapples. Any of these hosts present within a mile of your junipers will allow the cycle to continue. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnosporangium_juniperi-virginianae is an excellent description of the disease cycle.
Have a good day!
Have a good day!
I returned yesterday evening from a one-week absence. Two photos of my junipers are attached.
Here are three photos I had forgotten about, showing dying branches.
Thank you for the photos! As you said previously the junipers look to be in good health with lots of new growth present.
The symptoms you describe, the presence of the orange rust and the photos suggest Gymnosporagium rust. Here is an excellent article that is everything you would want to know about the disease and how to manage on the junipers and any planting you have in the rosacea family which is the 2nd host needed for the disease to occur. https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/cedar-apple-rust/
This article discusses the chemical treatment options. Always read the label completely and use the recommended personal protection.
I want to stress that is it imperative that you santitize your pruning tool after each cut by spraying the tool with 70% rubbing alcohol or dipping the tool in 70% rubbing alcohol or a 9-1 ratio bleach for 30 seconds. Prune 4-6" below the gall / bulging area on the twig or branch.
I have this same situation in my own landscape. I have junipers and a serviceberry in my yard. However at the entrance of the subdivision there are multiple junipers, hawthornes, crabapple and serviceberry trees. I chose to have my susceptible plants sprayed with fungicide as a protective measure as there is no cure and no way to avoid the fungus!
With regards to pesticides, I would only spray the pesticides if you actually see an insect pests that is causing tremendous damage. Pesticides kill both the beneficial and the pest insect. Here is an article to read about insect diversity: https://biocontrol.entomology.cornell.edu/predators.php
I hope this information is helpful to you. I wish you the best with your landscape!
The symptoms you describe, the presence of the orange rust and the photos suggest Gymnosporagium rust. Here is an excellent article that is everything you would want to know about the disease and how to manage on the junipers and any planting you have in the rosacea family which is the 2nd host needed for the disease to occur. https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/cedar-apple-rust/
This article discusses the chemical treatment options. Always read the label completely and use the recommended personal protection.
I want to stress that is it imperative that you santitize your pruning tool after each cut by spraying the tool with 70% rubbing alcohol or dipping the tool in 70% rubbing alcohol or a 9-1 ratio bleach for 30 seconds. Prune 4-6" below the gall / bulging area on the twig or branch.
I have this same situation in my own landscape. I have junipers and a serviceberry in my yard. However at the entrance of the subdivision there are multiple junipers, hawthornes, crabapple and serviceberry trees. I chose to have my susceptible plants sprayed with fungicide as a protective measure as there is no cure and no way to avoid the fungus!
With regards to pesticides, I would only spray the pesticides if you actually see an insect pests that is causing tremendous damage. Pesticides kill both the beneficial and the pest insect. Here is an article to read about insect diversity: https://biocontrol.entomology.cornell.edu/predators.php
I hope this information is helpful to you. I wish you the best with your landscape!
Tracy, thank-you so much for your help. I'll follow your recommendations.
Gerald
Gerald