Knowledgebase

Black Walnut Trees and Sheep #437687

Asked January 09, 2018, 9:06 AM EST

I found a previous question and your comment about black walnut trees and you mentioned it’s toxicity to horse, goats, and sheep. Your writing is the only reference I have found to it’s effect on sheep. I just moved to a farm with these walnut trees and trying to determine whether to cut them all down even though they are the only shade trees near my house. I want sheep and horses, and have read plenty about the tree affecting horses, but nothing about sheep. So to be clear: it is not safe for sheep to graze land near black walnut trees and to eat the grass under and around these trees? I don’t want sick sheep so I’m looking for a clear answer. If I do need to cut the mature trees, how would I go about ‘healing the land’ to be used at a later time by horses and sheep? How would one get rid of the jugalone in the soil, etc.? I don’t plan to move from this property so I’m looking at the big picture of healing the land also for an organic garden. Thanks so much for your help!

Hall County Georgia

Expert Response

Horses are by far the most sensitive to Black Walnut-primarily if it is used as shavings in bedding for stalls. With as little as 20% horses will start to display clinical signs of toxicity within hours. Just for your reference, early clinical signs of black walnut toxicity would be depression, limb edema, stiffness, and warm hooves. If exposure continues, horses may colic, experience extreme swelling of the neck and chest, elevated heart and respiratory rates, and high body temperature. While it does not seen that sheep are sensitive to Black Walnut bedding, I would be very careful of them eating the husks of fallen nuts as they can start to become toxic as they decay. Penicillium mold also affects the decomposing husk and produces a neurotoxin called Penitrem A, which is toxic to livestock and can be fatal to dogs.                                                                                                     I do not see any research on sheep or horses being affected by grass growing around Black Walnut trees. Researching plants that are affected by Black Walnut roots or jugalone-I do not see any grasses listed. Plants that are very sensitive to jugalone include those in the nightshade family-and that's OK because you do not want those in your pasture anyways as they are toxic to horses and livestock. If you were to observe plants being affected by jugalone you would see yellowing or discoloration of the leaves as well as twisted growth. Are there other plants around the trees that you are concerned about?                                                              From your comments, those trees sound like it is preferable to leave them as they are large and provide good shade. I believe that you would be safe to leave them as long as you are able to rake up leaves/nuts/hulls and avoid using bark or chips as mulch or animal bedding.  





An Ask Extension Expert Replied January 09, 2018, 11:45 AM EST

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